Current Issue - March 2026, Volume 20, Issue No. 1

1. Cummings SR, San Martin J, McClung MR, Siris ES, Eastell R, Reid IR, et al. Denosumab for prevention of fractures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. N Engl J Med. 2009; 361(8): 756-65. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0809493
2. Li GF, Zhao PP, Xiao WJ, Karasik D, Xu YJ, Zheng HF. The paradox of bone mineral density and fracture risk in type 2 diabetes. Endocrine. 2024; 85(3): 1100-3. doi: 10.1007/s12020-024-03926-w
3. Sharma P, Sharma RK, Gaur K. Understanding the impact of diabetes on bone health: A clinical review. Metabol Open. 2024; 24: 100330. doi: 10.1016/j.metop.2024.100330
4. Yamamoto M, Sugimoto T. Advanced Glycation End Products, Diabetes, and Bone Strength. Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2016; 14(6): 320-6. doi: 10.1007/s11914-016-0332-1
5. Ha J, Lee YJ, Kim J, Jeong C, Lim Y, Lee J, et al. Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Denosumab: Insights beyond 10 Years of Use. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul). 2025; 40(1): 47-56. doi: 10.3803/EnM.2024.2125
6. Huang HK, Chuang AT, Liao TC, Shao SC, Liu PP, Tu YK, et al. Denosumab and the Risk of Diabetes in Patients Treated for Osteoporosis. JAMA Netw Open. 2024; 7(2): e2354734. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.54734
7. Rathmann W, Kostev K. Type 2 diabetes incidence in patients initiating denosumab or alendronate treatment: a primary care cohort study. Osteoporos Int. 2024; 35(12): 2099-106. doi: 10.1007/s00198-024-07182-6
8. Weivoda MM, Chew CK, Monroe DG, Farr JN, Atkinson EJ, Geske JR, et al. Identification of osteoclast-osteoblast coupling factors in humans reveals links between bone and energy metabolism. Nat Commun. 2020; 11(1): 87. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-14003-6
9. Napoli N, Pannacciulli N, Vittinghoff E, Crittenden D, Yun J, Wang A, et al. Effect of denosumab on fasting glucose in women with diabetes or prediabetes from the FREEDOM trial. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2018; 34(4): e2991. doi: 10.1002/dmrr.2991
10. Schwartz AV, Schafer AL, Grey A, Vittinghoff E, Palermo L, Lui LY, et al. Effects of antiresorptive therapies on glucose metabolism: results from the FIT, HORIZON-PFT, and FREEDOM trials. J Bone Miner Res. 2013; 28(6): 1348-54. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.1865
11. Wang K, Gao L, Liu C, Bao X, Tian Y, Li Y. Denosumab Improves Glycaemic Parameters in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Patients with Combined Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2023; 69(8): 185-91. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2023.69.8.28
12. Lasco A, Morabito N, Basile G, Atteritano M, Gaudio A, Giorgianni GM, et al. Denosumab Inhibition of RANKL and Insulin Resistance in Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis. Calcif Tissue Int. 2016; 98(2): 123-8. doi: 10.1007/s00223-015-0075-5
13. Abe I, Ochi K, Takashi Y, Yamao Y, Ohishi H, Fujii H, et al. Effect of denosumab, a human monoclonal antibody of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), upon glycemic and metabolic parameters: Effect of denosumab on glycemic parameters. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019; 98(47): e18067. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000018067
14. Lyu H, Zhao SS, Zhang L, Wei J, Li X, Li H, et al. Denosumab and incidence of type 2 diabetes among adults with osteoporosis: population-based cohort study. BMJ. 2023; 382: e073435. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2022-073435
15. Xing B, Yu J, Zhang H, Li Y. RANKL inhibition: a new target of treating diabetes mellitus? Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab. 2023; 14: 20420188231170754. doi: 10.1177/20420188231170754
16. Zhao X, An X, Yang C, Sun W, Ji H, Lian F. The crucial role and mechanism of insulin resistance in metabolic disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023; 14: 1149239. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1149239
17. Chow L, From A, Seaquist E. Skeletal muscle insulin resistance: the interplay of local lipid excess and mitochondrial dysfunction. Metabolism. 2010; 59(1): 70-85. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2009.07.009
18. Meng L, Sun L, Li M. Research Progress on the Influence of Novel Targeted Drugs for Osteoporosis on Glucose Metabolism. Biomolecules. 2025; 15(3): 331. doi: 10.3390/biom15030331
19. Chen PW, Su HY, Tu YK, Wu CH, Yeh JI, Chen LY, et al. Association of bisphosphonates with diabetes risk and glycemic control: a meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int. 2023; 34(2): 387-97. doi: 10.1007/s00198-022-06616-3

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